Preamble
This summer I found Virtual Circuit Board - a drawing based digital logic simulator (available on Steam) that allows you to simulate everything from simple circuits to full scale computers. I found myself quickly putting time into it every day and ended up with a functioning 8-bit CPU that supports a handful opcodes, and allows very simple programs to be run.
I won't be going over
The Fetch-Decode-Execute Cycle
The engine of any instruction set is the fetch-decode-execute cycle. Tom Scott has an excellent video of this on Youtube. This is what allows a computer to execute instructions one after another; running programs from start to finish.
2-to-4 encoder

Virtual Circuit Board is a drawing based digital logic simulator (available on Steam) that allows you to simulate everything from simple circuits to full scale computers.
Multiplexer
The engine of any instruction set is the fetch-decode-execute cycle. Tom Scott has an excellent video of this on Youtube. This is the part of the CPU that allows a computer to execute instructions one after another; running programs from start to finish.
ALU
Virtual Circuit Board is a drawing based digital logic simulator (available on Steam) that allows you to simulate everything from simple circuits to full scale computers.
Test header 512
The engine of any instruction set is the fetch-decode-execute cycle. Tom Scott has an excellent video of this on Youtube. This is the part of the CPU that allows a computer to execute instructions one after another; running programs from start to finish.
Test header 5112
Virtual Circuit Board is a drawing based digital logic simulator (available on Steam) that allows you to simulate everything from simple circuits to full scale computers.
Test header 5122
The engine of any instruction set is the fetch-decode-execute cycle. Tom Scott has an excellent video of this on Youtube. This is the part of the CPU that allows a computer to execute instructions one after another; running programs from start to finish.